September is a beautiful time of year. We’ve had the first snow on the plateau and lovely autumnal sunny days. The odd soggy day too, of course! The reindeer look fantastic with fully grown antlers and fresh winter coats growing through.
We’ve been doing lots of free range missions to bring in the cows and their calves which is always fun. The bulls and cows have been stripping the velvet and getting a wee bit more feisty and hormonal in preparation for the upcoming rut. We split the first bull, Choc-ice, with a small group of girls on the 22nd – exciting times!
The calves have also been given a name but as always we don’t post any names online until our adopters have their newsletters. Maybe by next month’s photo blog!
1st of September: Cheer and her daughter Chai in the background. 1st of September: The time of year when the bulls start stripping the velvet. Here is two-year-old Limpopo looking very handsome. 3rd of September: Emmental and her calf back in the enclosure after a summer of free ranging. 3rd of September: A family portrait! Irish, his wee sister, and his mum, Helsinki. Since Helsinki has been back in our enclosure, one-year-old Irish has become rather attached to his mum again! Helsinki is very tolerant and shares her pile of food with her teenage son. 4th of September: Bordeaux and her son. These two didn’t come in for their breakfast so I got a lovely walk up Silver Mount to find them and return them to the herd. Both were completely fine and clearly just having a lie-in. 4th of September: Elbe, a twin, is looking phenomenal! He’s two years old and has a really lovely nature! We’re all very fond of him. 4th of September: Peanut’s male calf is looking great and is already quite tame. 4th of September: Two freckly white noses trying to get into the hand feed bag. Sundae on the left and Beanie on the right. 9th of September: The calves in the enclosure have quickly learnt what’s in the bags! They get allowed to feed directly from the bags which encourages them to be tamer and so they can get some extra mouthfuls without a bigger reindeer stealing it from them. Zoom and Choc-ice are circling the bags like piranhas! 10th of September: One of our gorgeous calves. This wee one belongs to Hopscotch. 10th of September: Glacée and her daughter. She’s done so well as a first time mum!11th of September: Lotti and Kate feeding the herd. 11th of September: Moving some of our free rangers from outside the cafe on Cairngorm Mountain! Sunflower, Fika and Solero are the three closest to camera. Fika and Solero are stripping the velvet from their antlers. 15th of September: Old girl Ryvita on a very soggy day. She’s now back out free ranging but came into the enclosure for a few days for a health check and vaccination. She’s looking great for 16!16th of September: Brie posing beautifully on a lovely autumnal morning. 16th of September: The calves are allowed to feed from the bags before we put it out on the ground for everyone else. You can see the older reindeer lurking around the edge and Cameron and Kate on guard duty!17th of September: Amazon is now two years old. Her mum Dante is just behind. 17th of September: Christie has done it again! She looks phenomenal and has produced yet another lovely, chilled-out wee dude!18th of September: Jimmy looking very handsome.22nd of September: Winnie looking gorgeous in the beautiful autumnal light! She was hand reared in 2023 and has come back into the hill enclosure after almost a year out free ranging looking amazing!23rd of September: Morven and her calf. Both have ridiculous antlers!24th of September: Marple and calf. Her calf has turned into a greedy food monster!26th of September: After a week in our Paddocks Dr Seuss is now back in the hill enclosure ready for the 11am Hill Trip and hand feeding!
This summer I have had a lovely spell of catching up with our cows and calves out on the free range. After missing both of the nights that we lead the cows and calves out onto the free range a small group decided that I couldn’t miss out and were found loitering outside the hill enclosure the following morning, it was a glorious morning to be moving reindeer and allowed me to spend some time with the group before they went to higher ground.
Thankfully for Amy the second batch of cows and calves to leave the enclosure didn’t go far and she was able to go catch up with them the following day just outside the hill enclosure.
My first trip out to see the free rangers was at the end of July, heading to an area that the herd frequent through the summer; this is an area of the hill that I’ve heard a lot about, but hadn’t seen it first-hand. After a bit of a slog going up hill due to the heat, the temperature began to decrease, it became windier and a whole lot more comfortable (no wonder the reindeer like the top of the hills!) after a short period of time I stumbled across a group of cows and calves and began to identify them. I would say this is the most overwhelming part of heading out onto the free range as you want to try and document as much as possible so we can keep track of who we have seen and also take lots of pictures and videos to reference in the future. We are also trying to make it around the group to see what condition they are in and see if everyone is well in themselves, since the summer is when there can be long spells between us catching up with the females. I have included a few pictures of some of the girls that I caught up with on this trip. Due to the time of the year, they’re very scruffy as they are moulting out of their winter coat still and I could already see some impressive antlers. As I was enjoying my time with the herd, another group of older girls joined us – at a distance. Even at that distance you can see how epic Spy’s antlers are.
Cheer and Chai – mother and yearling daughter still hanging out together.Vienna and Scully – still looking rather scruffy but you can see their smart summer coats beneath the tatty old winter coat.Tap’s calf closest to the camera.Beret’s calf, much paler than Tap’s above, showing the variety in coat colour.Marple having a good summer and growing her usual lovely antlers.Spy on the skyline – even at a distance her antlers look epic!
I am continuingly amazed at how much the reindeer move around on the free range and it definitely becomes more apparent during the summer; we can head out to different areas on the free range and still come across the same reindeer. Just over a week later, I went back out onto the free range and caught up with a smaller group of cows and calves (on another warm day, much to my dismay), but having these warmer spells means that you can almost guarantee that the reindeer will be higher up and lazing around rather than travelling great distances; making my life easier. It was a mixed group of reindeer I had seen the previous trip and some other cows that I hadn’t seen since they had gone out on to the free range, which was lovely as I could appreciate how the calves had changed in the week or so since I had last seen them.
Marple and calf a week or so later – you can see how much Marple has moulted in that time.Brew – a cheeky yearling.
The people of the northern hemisphere and reindeer have a long-interconnected history. In the days of the ice ages reindeer were known as far south as Spain and as one of the larger and least scary animals roaming the land (compared to cave lions and aurochs), they made natural prey for humans of all kinds. Reindeer antlers and bones found in archaeological sites in France age the Reindeer-Homosapien relationship at least 45,000 years old – although it is argued there is some evidence of Neanderthals hunting reindeer 60,000 years ago!
‘Bone cave’ in Inchnadamph where many reindeer bones were found alongside early human remains.
In the 40ish thousand years reindeer and humans have been in contact, our relationship has evolved. From hunter-gatherers hunting reindeer with spears and bows to rifles or to our Reindeer Centre in Glenmore and our Christmas Reindeer pulling sleds. In this blog, I am going to focus on how we lived with reindeer pre-domestication.
One of the more interesting sources we have on how people of the reindeer live with undomesticated reindeer are the peoples that still live or until recently have lived with the Caribou – most notably the various groups of inland Inuit in North America. (Note: Caribou and Reindeer are the same species, but the north American caribou has never been domesticated). For these people, as many other people of the reindeer, reindeer are the lifeblood of their communities.
Reindeer tend to be migratory animals (one subspecies of reindeer in Canada makes the largest migration of any land mammal!) and the humans around them have tended to take on nomadic or semi-nomadic habits as well. In many places, they haven’t needed to be with the reindeer the whole time but moved between pinch points of the migration routes – narrow mountain passes or land bridges between great lakes that the seemingly endless rivers of reindeer would be forced to cross, into the waiting arms of the local hunters. Life like this is boom and bust. A few times a year, the community will catch the great river of deer and during these times will feast. Much of the meat will also be preserved for the many winter months when the reindeer no longer pass through (as they are less mobile during the winter and stay hidden in wintering grounds). Outside of the major floods of reindeer, the odd one is to be found wandering, and much time is spent looking for fresh meat to aid hungry bellies. During the winter, in the coldest places, people in history have been known to survive on semi-frozen dried meat.
A group of our reindeer weathering a winter blizzard. Cairngorm reindeer don’t have a huge migration, but they do come lower down the hills in winter.
Many of these people lived almost exclusively on deer produce. In a carnivore diet, fat becomes essential; it contains much of the necessary vitamins for life that aren’t contained in meat alone. Thus, much of the animals were eaten, not just the finest cuts rump. In fact, those rump stakes we prize so highly are comparatively low in nutrients and were sometimes the parts of the animals given to the dogs.
The reindeer haven’t only been used for food, in almost all cultures of people of the reindeer, every bit of the animal is used. Clothing and boots are made from their skins – often the skin from the belly of the reindeer is chosen for the soles of shoes for its toughness; the hide from the back for coats and parkas due to its thickness and warmth; hoods, mittens and boot tops are made from the hide from the brow due to its suppleness; etc… The shelter the reindeer provide also extends to summer tents, where scrapped and tanned hides are stretched around (often) birch poles to form the semi-mobile summer home. To lash the tent together, many cultures make use of the long and strong sinews from the back of the reindeer. These are also used to sew the clothing together – they have the bonus of swelling when they get wet so that most well sewn seams are fairly watertight.
The trousers and parka of an Inuit man, southern Baffin Island, Hudson Bay, 1910-1914 – Royal Ontario Museum
Reindeer antler and bone is also a useful material, antler is still commonly used for making knife handles and for fixings of all kinds. Reindeer House here in Glenmore is held together by reindeer antler (click here for proof)! The parts of the reindeer that remain can be used as ritual objects or donations back to the ecosystem. This respectful use of the whole animal is repeated through most people of the reindeer, even in people who now live with domesticated reindeer.
The September visit was very special. We were lucky enough to attend Fiona and Joe’s wedding and celebrations. They got married on top of Meall a’ Bhuachaille, the hill behind Reindeer House. It was a very wet and windy day but it was so special being on top with Fiona, Joe and everyone and the dogs and to see them get married. A person was playing the bagpipes too which was very magical. We all went to the Pine Marten Bar afterwards for some food, drink and dancing. Then there was a fantastic weekend of celebrations at Badaguish involving a second wedding ceremony and wedding photos and of course reindeer. The reindeer who attended were Busby, Magnum, Hemp and Dr Seuss. The weather was so lovely and there were lots of sunshine. The other celebrations included a ceilidh, Highland games, fun run, a loch swim in Loch Morlich, where I paddled this time, and lots of music, food and drink. It was so lovely seeing everyone and it was very being special being part of the really fantastic wedding celebrations.
Fiona and Joe on a very soggy but utterly beautiful wedding day.Fiona and Joe with Busby, Hemp and Dr Seuss!
I was very lucky enough to be invited to attend the naming meeting of the calves. I sat around the table in the kitchen of Reindeer House with my herding friends and had tea and cake with them whilst they decided on the names of the new calves the theme this year being Teas and Coffees.
The calves had grown so much since I had last seen them in May. They had just come into the hill enclosure from the free range with their mums. They were much bigger and braver. Helsinki’s premature calf was doing so well. His name is Irish after Irish coffee.
Latte (Brie’s calf) and Emm!
So much had changed in the new Reindeer Centre building. Tilly with her grandchildren gave me a tour of the new Centre. The stairs had been put in and the walls plastered. Sinks, pipes and the boiler had been put in. It looked so amazing. It is slowly getting there and is so exciting. It will be brilliant. We went outside to see where the reindeer Paddocks will be.
One morning, Poirot and Mivvi were outside the hill enclosure entrance gate. They had got out of the enclosure somehow. They were put back in and Isla walked around the fence line of the whole hill enclosure to see where they had got out. The fence line is 8km and the hill enclosure is 1,200 acres. She found out that someone had left the gate open down in the woods near Utsi’s hut so she shut it.
Emm and Mivvi.
I had a big surprise one morning on the Hill Trip, as I got out the reindeer van in the carpark and a lady came over to me and I realised it was a lovely lady from our local art shop where I am from. She was with her husband and they were on their honeymoon. They were so surprised to see me as they didn’t know I was up and thought I would be up later in the year. They were visiting because of me as I often go into their art shop back and show her and her colleagues my reindeer photos and tell them all about the reindeer and they got very interested. It was such a lovely surprise to see her and her husband and it was so brilliant taking them up to see the reindeer. That was such a special day.
I had time to chill and enjoy the reindeer which I really find special. One day after a morning Hill Trip, the reindeer were lying down in groups. They were chilling, dozing or asleep. One of the calves, Irish, was twitching in his sleep and his eyes were rolling. Hemp was asleep and snoring. I went around taking photos and selfies and Caterpillar was following me as I had the hand feed bag. She tended to follow me during Hill Trips because of the hand feed bag and because she is a shy reindeer we had been giving her hand feed out of the bag after the Hill Trips to get used to being handled. One day after another Hill Trip, Silk and Suebi from the free range turned up outside the hill enclosure fence. They followed Ruth and Lotti, who had a food bag, into the hill enclosure. They had been trying to get Silk into the hill enclosure for a wee while with little success as she is a very shy reindeer so everyone was really pleased she came into the hill enclosure.
Emm and a bunch of snoozy reindeer, including Morse with those whopping antlers behind.Christie and Espresso having a nap.
I got to help again treat some poorly reindeer when Pumpkin’s calf, called Lapsang, had been lying flat out on the hill trip. We took her temperature and it was very high. I held onto Pumpkin, who was on a head collar, whilst Ruth and Isla were dealing with Lapsang as Pumpkin was a protective mum. Most reindeer are not protective but Pumpkin was but Ruth was able to give Lapsang an injection to bring down the temperature and Isla led them both to the shed in the hill enclosure where to keep an eye on them.
At the end of my stay my herder friends surprised me by bringing Scully my adopted reindeer down from the hill. I was so pleased to see her. They had gone out to get Florence and her calf Cuppa off the free range there and bring them back to the hill enclosure to start getting Cuppa used to people and being handled. They also brought four more reindeer back including Scully which was so special. This was at the end of the day on my last working day so the next morning I went up on the morning Hill Trip to see Scully which was so brilliant. I got to hand feed her and Ruth took lovely photos of me with her.
Scully and Emm on the last day of Emm’s stay.
So, I have shared with you some of the memorable highlights of 2024 being with the reindeer and my herder friends. It was such a special time as always. I am really looking forward to being with the reindeer in 2025 with my first visit in February. I am so excited and am counting down the days till my next visit.
